After 15 hours in the plane, we arrived in Johannesburg, not a particularly attractive city.  It was founded with the discovery of gold, and there are still huge piles of yellowish sand by the highway that contain 4% gold.  The sand is closely guarded.  The gold flecks are removed and the sand redeposited in the mine from which is came. There is a downtown skyline, but most of the businesses have moved to the suburbs we are told.  Shopping malls are popular, and we had dinner last night at Voodoo Lily, a casual restaurant in a strip mall down the street from our hotel, The Peech.  It is a lovely boutique hotel, but behind gates, as are most of the properties in this area, Melrose Arch.  The streets are small and winding. Today we had a private tour of Soweto and The Apartheid Museum.  Soweto is a huge surprise because there are some beautiful homes there.  Apparently, it has become a popular neighborhood for more well-to-do blacks who may have a second property there with a primary residence outside the city.  But the slums are there, too, and even the more upscale sections are densely packed.  There are tourists and souvenir stands and restaurants around the most popular sites which are the Apartheid Museum, the Mandela House, and the Memorial Garden.  The latter commemorates the slaughter of schoolchildren in 1976 who were peacefully protesting about their classes being conducted in Afrikaans and not English.  I have a photo of a photo of the first child killed, 13 year old Henry Petersen. The Apartheid Museum is moving and horrifying.  Apartheid means “rule and divide” and the system was elaborate with many classifications based on race and color and many activities and privileges dependent on the classification.